For 20 years, the birth of the most famous sheep in the world shook governments and religions, spoke at the end of the world, but after all not born human clones and the technology used has helped to better understand the disease and the beginning of life .
Born on July 5, 1996, the announcement of this strange form of life just happened in February of the following year, condemning Dolly to be pursued by the paparazzi . This is because the sheep was born thanks to cloning an adult cell, a feat that has come to be compared to the atomic bomb and triggered in humans fear of being “copied”.
It seems like all the sheep, this sheep was born more equal than the others, it was similar to the adult donor cell whose DNA has been introduced into another cell to which had been removed prior to the core. This combination resulted in an embryo that was later implanted in a “rental sheep” and who gave birth to the famous Dolly.
“The creation of the sheep Dolly has been and continues to be a paradigmatic framework of biology and genetics in the world, “said Lusa the bioethicist, Rui Nunes. The president of the Portuguese Association of Bioethics, this birth has shown that “science has no limit” and only laments the “historical mistake” that followed from wanting to reduce man to his genes.
To Rui Nunes , “the technique is not sufficiently robust and sophisticated to someone born without problems,” such as those in sheep, which was shot down in February 2003 with early signs of aging, cancers and autoimmune diseases. But allowed “to deepen the knowledge in order to create again any cell, tissue or human organ”, adding: “. Based on this set of technology, we will have a ‘pool’ of cells, tissues and vast bodies”
the fact is also praised for Carolino Monteiro, a professor of molecular genetics, that in statements to Lusa considered that this was “an important milestone in changing mentalities,” adding, “There was a profound shock that led to an international discussion much interesting and the discussion also came to Portugal. “
About the fears that accompanied the revelation, Carolino Monteiro states that have not materialized copies of dictators or headless men and so little cloning resulted in the breeding of dogs and cats. The geneticist said investigations that arose after the creation of Dolly , as the level of stem cells, their existence and use of the applications in terms of the regeneration of tissues and organs. The Dolly “helped to know the disease, the very phenomenon of early life and how genes work,” he said. Also for Rui Nunes birth of Dolly served to pave the way for a number of other dramatic developments in a positive direction for humanity.
This sheep was not the first cloned mammal but it had the distinction of being the first born through nuclear transfer of a cell (mammary) adult (a sheep six years). Its name was a tribute to the singer Dolly Parton, known for its prominent chest.
After the announcement of the team of scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland, the debate heated and produced to various laws and conventions with to prohibit human cloning. At issue were the fear of eugenics (creation of perfect human beings through genetic manipulation), the power of scientists and the eternal search for perfection. To illustrate the theme, there were many images of the Nazi army to remember as he pursued the idea of creating perfect beings, as well as birth comparisons Dolly the atomic bomb.
restlessness She reached the US president at the time, Bill Clinton, which banned the use of federal funds for human cloning. The Vatican asked the condemnation of these techniques in human and international organizations – such as the World Health Organization (WHO), UNESCO and the European Commission – requested several studies on the subject. Also in 1997, the Council of Europe adopted a protocol to prohibit this technique in humans. It was an explosive mix of concepts and ethical debates.
Ignoring the discussion, the sheep continued to be photographed, studied and condemned to be a star, but the health problems that affect the cloned animals, not slow make worse their days. The body Dolly can be seen at the Royal Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, where it is stuffed.
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